Apparatus for plastically reproducing an object.



w. SE-I KE. v APPAIfA TUS FOR PLASTICALLY REPRODUCING AN OBJECT.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT- 28. I914.

Patented June 8, 1915.

2 SHEETSSIIEET, I.

THE NORRIS PETERS CO. PHO7D-LITHO.. WASHINGTON- D- C,

W. SELKE.

APPARATUS FOR PLASTICALLY REPRODUCING AN OBJECT.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 28. 1914.

1,142,733. Patented June 8,1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- I & o

\ G I I A d ,4 [z P WILLY SELKE, OF BERLIN, GERMANY.

APPARATUS FOR PLASTICALLY REPIBIODUCING AN OBJECT.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 8, 1915.

Application filed September 28, 1914. Serial No.863,975.

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, WVILLY SELKE, a citizen of the German Empire,residing at Berlin, Germany, haveinvented a new and useful Apparatus forPlastically Reproducing an Object, of which the following is aspecification.

The invention relates to a device for plastically reproducing an objectwith the aid of two stereoscopic photograms of the said object, lying inone and the same plane, the said device comprising an optical systemadapted for observing the said photograms and means adapted fordisplacing the photograms and the optical system relatively to oneanother, for the purpose of directing the optical system oncorresponding points of the photograms.

According to the present invention the device is fitted with two marksand two objectives, and illuminating means are provided, by which eachobjective forms an image of one of the marks on the modeling block. Inaddition to this means are provided for setting the direction of thelines connecting the optical centers of the objectives with theirrespective marks dependently on the relative setting of the photogramsand the optical observing system in such a manner that the point ofintersection of these conv necting lines corresponds in each case tothat point of the object, to the images of which on the two photogramsthe measuring marks of the optical observing system are set.

In a preferable constructional form of the invention two carriers-arefitted so as to be rotatable about two relatively adjustable points. Oneach carrier one of the objectives and its mark are mounted in such amanner that the line connecting the optical center of the objective withthe mark contains the center of rotation ofthe carrier at all positionsof the latter. Preferably the illuminating device for each mark is alsomounted on the respective carrier. Should the illuminating devicecontain a single source of light only, the latter may itself serve asthe mark.

'In the annexed drawing Figures 1 to 3 show a constructional example ofthe invention, Fig. 1 being a side elevation, Fig. 2 a plan view partlyin section and Fig. 3 a

cross-section on line 33 of Fig. 1.

On a support a there are mounted two cross-slide systems, one of whichcomprises a vertically guided slide 7) and a horizontally of thephotograms.

guided slide 01 and the other of which commicroscope h is provided,which is fixed to the support a. Two ars a and a? connect the support awith a plate a which acts as the carrier of the sockets z and k of twoball and socket joints, these socketshaving such a relative dispositionthat the connecting line of the socket centers is horizontal and at thesame time parallel to the plane i While the socket k is fixed directlyto the plate (t the socket 2' is disposed on an intermediate slide 2'which is guided in such a manner'that it can be set in a directionparallel to the connecting line of the socket centers. A clamping screw6 is provided for fixing the slide. In the sockets z and is there arerotatably j ournaled the tubes Z and m respectively, each of whichcontains an objective Z and m respectively,

which is displaceable in the axial direction of the tube, and a lamp Zand m respectively. In order to enhance the lighting eflect, a glasscone Z is disposed in the tube Z in such a manner that it turns itsgreater base toward the lamp. Its smaller base represents the mark to bepresented to the objective Z In the tube on the lamp itself forms themark. A second bearing is provided for the tube Z by means ofalengthening rod Z in a socket a, and for the tube m by means of alengthening rod m in a socket o, the sockets n and 0 being connected ofthe photograms, a clamping screw Q1 being provided for fixing the slideto the plate, while the upper slide 1" is displaceable 1n a directionperpendicular to the plane of the photograms and can be fixed by aclamping screw r on the lower slide 9. The upper slide 1" forms thecarrier for the socket a. To the slide 6 is fixed by means of an arm .9a plate 8 on which is disposed a slide f,

which forms the carrier of the socket 0 and is displaceableperpendicularly to the plane of the photograms. For fixing this slide onthe plate .9 a clamping screw t is provided. The disposition is such,that on the one hand the connecting line of the centers of the ball andsocket joints of each tube coincides with the axis of the ray pencilemerging from it, and that on the other hand the axes of the two raypencils lie in one and the same horizontal plane and are at the sametime directed perpendicularly to the plane of the photograms, when theslides b, c, d and e occupy such a position that the two image points onthe photograms corresponding to the axial rays are presented ascoinciding with the measuring marks of the binocular double microscopeit.

The operation of the device is as follows. The tube Z should bedisplaced by means of the slides 2' and Q, until there is indicated onthe scales alongside the guides of these slides a value, whichcorresponds to the length of the base-line. In this position the slidesshould be fixed by meanso-f the clamping screws 2' and Thereupon thedistance between the ball and socket joints 2' and n and thedistancebetween the ball and socket joints la and 0 should be adjustedby displacing the slides r and t so as to correspond to the width ofpicture, after which the clamping screws r and t of these slides shouldbe tightened. If the base-line and the width of picture be chosen of thesame size as those used, when the photograms were taken, a body willresult from the copying process, which is exactly similar to theoriginal one. In order that a particular object-point may be copied, thephotograms must be set by means of the slides Z) and (Z and the slides cand 6 respectively insuch a manner that the two image-points of the saidobjectpoint are seen as coinciding with the measuring marks o1 thebinocular double microscope h. This causes the two tubes Z and m to berotated in the sockets z and 6 respectively in such a manner that theaxes of the ray pencils emerging from them intersect in a pointcorresponding to the said obj eat-point. The modeling block, which isplaced in front of the tubes Z and m, must then be treated by materialbeing removed from or added to it, until the said point of intersectionbecomes visible, which is the case, when the images of the marksdisposed in the two tubes coincide. The sharp focusing of thesemark-images is eliected by displacing the objectives Z and m in thedirection of the respective tube-axes.

Devices for the plastic reproduction of an object have been frequentlysuggested. For

instance, in the British patent specification 9190 of the year 1912 sucha device is described, in which, however, two aiming or sighting devicesserve for finding the objectpoints, the position of an obj ect-pointbeing determined by the point of intersection of the sighting linespresented by the said de vice. Another device of this type has becomeknown through the United States patent specification 1090493. In thiscase the relative movement of the photograms and the optical observingsystem is transmitted by a system of levers to the modeling tool. TheBritish patent specification 28673 of the year 1913 also describes aconstructional form of such a device. In this case a mark combined witha copying tool is provided, images of which mark are formed by means ofan illuminating device and two objectives on the two photograms. In thisdevice, therefore, the course of the rays of light is oppositelydirected to that in a device corresponding to the present invention.Such an arrangement entails the disadvantage, that a special copyingsystem must be provided, in which the copying tool and the copy carrierare connected together for relative movement in space. A process for theplastic reproduction of an object is described in the United Statespatent specification 891013. This process consists in projecting twoimages of the object, which are provided with a set of markings,simultaneously on a modeling. block. In this process the modeler seesthe images of the object, which are projected onto the modeling blocktogether with the sets of markings, in their entirety, so that it is noteasy for him to comprehend corresponding points of these images, andthat it is impossible for him to set the device for any conspicuouspoints of the object.

I claim:

1. In an apparatus for plastically reproducing an object with the aid oftwo stereoscopic'photograms of the said object, lying in one and thesame plane, an optical system for observing the'said photograms, meansadapted to move the said photograms and the said system relatively toone another, for

directing the said system on corresponding points of the saidphotograms, two marks, two objectives adapted each to form an image ofone such mark, illuminating means adapted to present each of the saidmarks to its objective and other means adapted to cause the relativemovement of the photograms and the optical system to change thedirection of the lines connecting the optical centers of the objectiveswith their respective marks.

2. In an apparatus for plastically reproducing an object with the aid oftwo stereoscopic photograms of the said object, lying in one and thesame plane, an optical system for observing the said photograms, meansadapted to move the said photograms and the said system relatively toone another, for directing the said system on corresponding points ofthe said photograms, two marks, two objectives adapted each to form animage of one such mark, two carriers, which are rotatable about tworelatively adjustable points and are each adapted to carry one suchobjective and its mark, each objective and its mark being fitted to thecorresponding carrier in such a manner that the connecting line betweenthe optical center of &

4WILLY SELKE.

Witnesses HENRY HAsPER, WOLDEMAR HAUPT.

Copies of this patent may he obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe commissioner'ofratente Washington, D. 0.

